Getting Started with AWS Load Balancer

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A load balancer distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets like EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses in order to optimize resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize latency, and ensure application availability. AWS provides different types of load balancers to satisfy various usage requirements.
Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) provides load balancing across Amazon EC2 instances and containers. With ELB, applications can automatically scale to meet demands and remain available across availability zones. 

ELB provides several load balancer types optimized for different uses cases including:

- Application Load Balancer: Designed for load balancing applications running on HTTP/HTTPS ports and routing traffic to multiple applications based on host headers, paths, or URL. It supports advanced request routing, static/dynamic host ports, SSL termination, cross zone load balancing. 

- Network Load Balancer: Optimized for ultra-low latency applications like gaming, or where microservices need to scale to tens of thousands of requests per second within single digits of latency. It operates at the connection level instead of the request level.

- Classic Load Balancer: Supports IPv4 and provides basic load balancing across multiple EC2 instances. It is easier to set up but has fewer features compared to the other load balancer types. 

In addition to ELB, AWS also provides the following types of load balancers:

- Gateway Load Balancer: Provides support for IPv6 traffic and connections from clients to Application Load Balancer. Ideal for applications that serve global internet clients on IPv6 networks.

- Network Load Balancer: Acts as a high performance load balancer for TCP traffic where extreme performance, security, visibility and seamless global availability are priorities. It distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets to maximize availability and scale.

So in summary, AWS provides different options like Application Load Balancer, Network Load Balancer, Classic Load Balancer and Gateway Load Balancer to accommodate varied traffic needs and achieve high availability, scalability and performance. The right load balancer type can ensure optimal application availability and enable easy scaling based on traffic.

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